{"id":10276,"date":"2021-09-06T09:00:27","date_gmt":"2021-09-06T17:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/?p=10276"},"modified":"2023-08-01T06:07:48","modified_gmt":"2023-08-01T14:07:48","slug":"heat-pump-efficiency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/heat-pump-efficiency\/","title":{"rendered":"Heat Pump Efficiency: Equation &#038; Formula"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/heat-pump-efficiency\/#_Energy_Efficiency_and_Operation_Cost\" >\u00a0Energy Efficiency and Operation Cost<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/heat-pump-efficiency\/#What_is_Heat_Pump_Efficiency\" >What is Heat Pump Efficiency?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/heat-pump-efficiency\/#Developments_in_Heat_Pump_Efficiency\" >Developments in Heat Pump Efficiency<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/heat-pump-efficiency\/#Heat_Pumps_Thermodynamic_Cycle\" >Heat Pumps Thermodynamic Cycle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/heat-pump-efficiency\/#Equations_For_Heat_Pump_Efficiency\" >Equations For Heat Pump Efficiency<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Heat pump efficiency_ A heat pump is a machine to warm and cools buildings by transferring the thermal energy of cooler space to a warmer area using the various types of refrigeration cycles. It is the reverse direction in which heat transfer occurs without external power. Conventional heat pump types include ground source heat pumps, air-source heat pumps, water source heat pumps, and exhaust air heat pumps. They can also often be installed in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/District_heating\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">district heating<\/a>\u00a0systems.<\/p>\n<p>The efficiency of a heat pump is shown by a coefficient of performance (COP), or the seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP). Higher values present a more efficient heat pump and indicate that it consumes less energy. These devices are typically much more energy-efficient than simple electrical resistance heaters when used for space heating. Heat pumps have a less carbon footprint compared to heating systems burning <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/types-of-fossil-fuels-all-you-should-know\/\">fossil fuels<\/a> such as natural gas and oil.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a title=\"\u21d2 View a Comprehensive List of\u00a0 Heat Pumps for Sale and Their Suppliers \u21d0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/industrial-directories\/252\/heat-pump\/for-sale?utm_source=Landing_Page&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Landing_CTA_banner&amp;utm_id=For-Sale&amp;utm_content=For-Sale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u21d2 View a Comprehensive List of\u00a0 Heat Pumps for Sale and Their Suppliers \u21d0<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Energy_Efficiency_and_Operation_Cost\"><\/span><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Energy Efficiency and Operation Cost<br \/>\n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In fairly cold outdoor temperatures, heat pump operations provide energy-efficient heating just by using electricity. In these situations, they can be less expensive to operate compared to systems that use more costly heating fuel sources such as oil, natural gas, or propane. As the temperature falls below freezing, the heat pump needs more energy to maintain comfort indoors, and as a result, efficiency reduces and increases electric bills.<\/p>\n<p>We can solve this charge by pairing a heat pump with a furnace and building a hybrid heat system. However, a hybrid system may be more expensive than a more ordinarily paired air conditioner and furnace system because of the higher initial expense for the heat pump unit.<\/p>\n<p>Both air conditioners and heat pumps come in models with high SEER (seasonal energy efficiency ratio) ratings in cooling mode, providing energy-efficient cooling during the hot summer months. SEER ratings for heat pumps are similar to miles-per-gallon for a vehicle. It gives you a standard measure for understanding efficiency so you can evaluate different models. Higher SEER heat pumps are more efficient units. In heating mode, heat pump performance is expressed in HSPF (Heating Seasonal Performance Factor).<\/p>\n<p>The higher HSPF heat pumps have higher efficiency. In many ways, the energy efficiency and price of operating factors are based on the location. In regions with moderate temperatures, a heat pump is a more suitable option for efficient heating than in areas with freezing winters. If you want a higher heat pump efficiency, be sure to select hybrid ones.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10279\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10279\" style=\"width: 820px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10279\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/heat-pump.jpg\" alt=\"Heat pump efficiency\" width=\"820\" height=\"559\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/heat-pump.jpg 820w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/heat-pump-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/heat-pump-768x524.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/heat-pump-218x150.jpg 218w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/heat-pump-696x474.jpg 696w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/heat-pump-616x420.jpg 616w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10279\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The heat pump (Reference: energy.gov)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Heat_Pump_Efficiency\"><\/span><strong>What is Heat Pump Efficiency?<br \/>\n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP) typically produces about 3kW thermal energy for every 1kW of electrical power consumed, providing an effective \u201cefficiency\u201d of 300%. It is thermodynamically impossible to have more than 100% efficiency, as this indicates that more energy is being generated than is being put in. As a reason, the performance is displayed as a Coefficient of Performance (COP) instead of efficiency. The case above would be represented as having a COP of 3.<\/p>\n<p>It appears that more energy is being provided than is consumed because the only \u201cvaluable\u201d input energy is electricity used to run the compressor and circulating pumps. The rest of the energy transferred from a heat source that would otherwise not be utilized (such as the ground, ambient air, or a river) is not considered an energy input.<\/p>\n<p>While the title Coefficient of Performance is usually used, it is essential to understand the differences and to be able to compare different types that might be using other measures.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Seasonal Coefficient of Performance _ Used principally with ASHPs to measure heat pump performance in a year, accounting for varying air temperatures. We have three climatic zones set across Europe, defined in BSEN14825.<\/li>\n<li>Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER)_ Used principally with ASHPs to measure heat pump cooling performance in a year, accounting for varying air temperatures. We have three climatic zones set across Europe, defined in BSEN14825.<\/li>\n<li>Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER)_ It is a measure of the ratio of given thermal power to total electrical energy. Electrical energy includes ancillaries such as all the pumps, fans, and controls.<\/li>\n<li>Seasonal Performance Factor (SPF)_ It gives a measure of the ratio of produced thermal energy over the year to total electrical consumption.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Equipment Efficiency<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Among other forms of \u201crenewable\u201d energy, where the fuel source is virtually unlimited and free, it is the total cost of production rather than the efficiency that matters.<\/p>\n<p>For comparison, other kinds of heat generation have the subsequent efficiencies:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conventional gas\/oil boiler: 70-80% efficiency<\/li>\n<li>Condensing gas\/oil boiler: 90-96% efficiency<\/li>\n<li>Direct electric heating: 35-45% efficiency (with losses in generation and distribution).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>With the increase in temperature difference between output and input, the compressor pressure is required to power it; therefore, the COP decreases. Consequently, it is vital to understand the temperature at which it is measured and the range over which it will work.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Developments_in_Heat_Pump_Efficiency\"><\/span><strong>Developments in Heat Pump Efficiency<br \/>\n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>We can observe a general trend towards developing more compact, higher efficiency devices, which will decrease the capital and operating costs.<\/p>\n<p>Absorption heat pumps (GAHP) consume either natural gas or waste heat to avoid refrigerant gases. These operate similarly to absorption chillers; however,\u00a0 COP would be in the range of 1.4 to 1.7 compared to higher COP in electric heat pumps. They can deliver higher temperatures and can be connected to a gas source, offering an excellent retrofitting option in particular to older buildings with a current hydronic gas-fired central heating system that works at higher temperatures compared to other heat pump technology.<\/p>\n<p>The market GAHP\u2019s are currently geared up for small and medium-sized commercial end-users (offices, schools, hotels) with system capacity ranging in 35-40kW heat output with more considerable demands being met managing multiple units.<\/p>\n<p>We have mature absorption technology, but the market for GAHP\u2019s in Europe is not entirely developed, with perhaps only 45,000 units established to date by a few suppliers. However, GAHP and heat systems are predicted to be critical applications in the challenge of reaching emissions reduction targets and energy requirements as far as 2050. GAHP\u2019s will play a significant role in the supply of heat in buildings.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10280\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10280\" style=\"width: 1536px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1.jpg\" alt=\"Heat pump efficiency\" width=\"1536\" height=\"770\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1-1024x513.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1-768x385.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1-696x349.jpg 696w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1-1392x698.jpg 1392w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1-1068x535.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Single-Stage-heat-pump-1536x770-1-838x420.jpg 838w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10280\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Absorption heat pump (Reference: steps ahead.at)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Other enhancements that will improve the uptake and effectiveness of heat pumps are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Installing highly efficient compressors_ centrifugal compressors are the most suitable ones when the load is steady and near the maximum rating. In contrast, scroll compressors are most helpful when the load is unsteady.<\/li>\n<li>Compression systems for natural working fluids \u2013 not using Fluorinated gases, which may have Ozone destructive effects or global warming potential.<\/li>\n<li>Thermal stores_ allow operation during cheaper nighttime rate periods and store the energy for daytime use. This also helps to reduce heat pump cycling.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Heat_Pumps_Thermodynamic_Cycle\"><\/span><strong>Heat Pumps Thermodynamic Cycle<br \/>\n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Thermodynamic refrigeration cycles or heat pump cycles are mathematical and conceptual models for air conditioning, refrigeration systems, and heat pumps. A heat pump is a mechanical device that permits the transmission of heat from one point (source) at a lower temperature to another point (sink or heat sink) at a higher temperature.<\/p>\n<p>A heat pump may be considered as a heater if the purpose is to warm the heat sink (warming the interior of a house on a cold day), or a cooler or refrigerator if the purpose is to cool the heat source (the normal operation of a freezer). In both cases, the running principles are close. Heat is transferred from a cold spot to a warm spot.<\/p>\n<p>Based on the second law of thermodynamics, heat can not automatically flow from a colder place to a hotter space, and work is needed to achieve this. An air conditioner requires energy to cool an existing space, moving heat from the cooler inside (the heat source) to the warmer outdoors (the heat sink).<\/p>\n<p>Likewise, a refrigerator removes heat from the inner cold icebox (the heat source) to the more temperate air of the kitchen (the heat sink). The working principle of the ideal heat engine was defined mathematically using the Carnot cycle by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicolas_L%C3%A9onard_Sadi_Carnot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sadi Carnot<\/a>\u00a0in 1824. An ideal heat pump or refrigeration system can be considered an ideal heat engine if it is operating in a reversed Carnot cycle.<\/p>\n<p>Heat pump and refrigeration cycles can be categorized as\u00a0<em>vapor absorption<\/em>,\u00a0<em>vapor compression<\/em>,\u00a0<em>gas cycle<\/em>, or\u00a0<em>Stirling cycle<\/em>\u00a0types.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Reversed Carnot cycle <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>We can work with the Carnot cycle in a reversible direction so the four processes that hold it (two isentropic and two isothermal) can also be reversed. When a Carnot cycle operates reversely, it is named a\u00a0<em>reversed Carnot cycle<\/em>. A heat pump or refrigerator that works on the reversed Carnot cycle is known as a Carnot heat pump or Carnot refrigerator, respectively. In the first process of this cycle, the refrigerant receives heat isothermally from a low-temperature source, T<sub>L<\/sub>, with the amount of Q<sub>L<\/sub>.<\/p>\n<p>Next, the refrigerant is compressed in an isentropic process, and its temperature grows to that of the high-temperature source, T<sub>H<\/sub>. When at this high temperature, the refrigerant releases the amount of Q<sub>H<\/sub> heat isothermally. Also, during this step in the condenser, the refrigerant turns into a saturated liquid from a saturated vapor. Finally, the refrigerant expands in an isentropic process until its temperature drops to that of the low-temperature source, T<sub>L<\/sub>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10277\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10277\" style=\"width: 1577px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10277\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts.png\" alt=\"Heat pump efficiency\" width=\"1577\" height=\"885\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts.png 1577w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts-1024x575.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts-1536x862.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts-696x391.png 696w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts-1392x781.png 1392w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts-1068x599.png 1068w, https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carnot_cycle_pv_ts-748x420.png 748w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1577px) 100vw, 1577px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10277\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carnot cycle a)P-V diagram b) T-S diagram (Reference: tf.uni-kiel.de)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Equations_For_Heat_Pump_Efficiency\"><\/span><strong>Equations For Heat Pump Efficiency<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>As discussed before the refrigerator or heat pump efficiency is given by a parameter known as the coefficient of performance (COP).<\/p>\n<p>The COP equation is:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> COP=\\frac{Q}{W} <\/span>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Where:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Q is the total heat supplied or removed by the system.<\/li>\n<li>W is the work needed by the considered approach.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The following equation gives the Detailed COP of a refrigerator:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">COP_{R}= \\frac{Q_L}{W_(net,in) } = \\frac{ output}{ input}= \\frac{cooling}{ input} <\/span>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The COP of a heat pump (in some cases referred to as the coefficient of amplification COA), presented by the following equation, as we know that Q<sub>H<\/sub> = Q<sub>L<\/sub> + W<sub>net, in<\/sub>:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> COP_{HP}=\\frac{Q_H}{W_(net,in) }=1+\\frac{Q_L}{W_(net,in) }=\\frac{output}{input}=\\frac{heating}{input} <\/span>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Both the COP of a heat pump and a refrigerator can be larger than one. Combining these two equations for fixed values of Q<sub>H<\/sub> and Q<sub>L<\/sub> ends in:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> COP_{HP}=COP_{R}+1 <\/span>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This means that COPHP will be higher than one because COPR will be a non-negative quantity. In a worst-case situation, the heat pump will provide as much energy as it consumes, making it a resistance heater. However, in-home heating, some of QH is wasted on the outside air through insulation, piping, etc., thus making the COPHP fall below unity when the outdoor air temperature is too low. Consequently, the system used to heat houses utilizes fuel.<\/p>\n<p>Carnot heat pumps efficiency (COP) can be displayed in terms of temperatures:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> COP_{R,carnot}=\\frac{T_L}{T_H-\/T_L} =\\frac{1}{\\frac{T_H}{T_L}-1} <\/span>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> COP_{HP,carnot}= \\frac{T_H}{T_H-\/T_L} =\\frac{1}{1-\\frac{T_H}{T_L}} <\/span>\n<h3><b>Buy Equipment or Ask for a Service<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>By using Linquip RFQ Service, you can expect\u00a0to receive quotations from various suppliers across multiple industries and regions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/linquip.com\/get-quote?utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=content&amp;utm_campaign=product_list&amp;utm_term=product_list&amp;utm_content=rfq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Click Here to Request a Quotation From Suppliers and Service Providers<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Read More on Linquip<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong><a title=\"What is Heat Pump &amp; How Does it Works?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/industrial-directories\/252\/heat-pump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What is Heat Pump &amp; How Does it Work?<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong><a title=\"How Does a Heat Pump Work? Working Principles and Types\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/how-does-a-heat-pump-work\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Does a Heat Pump Work? Working Principles and Types<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong><a title=\"Pump Efficiency\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/pump-efficiency\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-schema-attribute=\"\">Pump Efficiency<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; font-size: 10pt;\"><a title=\"16 Parts of Heat Pump and Functions (Clear Guide)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/parts-of-heat-pump\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">16 Parts of Heat Pump and Functions (Clear Guide)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong><a title=\"Understanding Heat Pumps in Winter: How Do They Work?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/understanding-heat-pumps-in-winter\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Understanding Heat Pumps in Winter: How Do They Work?<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Heat pump efficiency_ A heat pump is a machine to warm and cools buildings by transferring the thermal energy of cooler space to a warmer area using the various types of refrigeration cycles. It is the reverse direction in which heat transfer occurs without external power. Conventional heat pump types include ground source heat pumps, &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":10278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[433,8,6],"tags":[337],"class_list":["post-10276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-heat-pump","category-heat-exchanger","category-hvac","tag-formula"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10276"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10276\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30838,"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10276\/revisions\/30838"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linquip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}