Venturi scrubbers rely on the creation of high-impact turbulence, ensuring close contact between gas and scrubbing liquid. This is achieved by boosting gas through a restricted area or ‘throat’, with liquid injected at the throat to generate the high turbulence zone. Available with both fixed and variable throats, the efficiency of Venturi scrubbers is a direct result of the effective function of this throat area and liquid rate. Venturi scrubbers can either be used in a single stage for the removal of fine particles or aerosols, or as part of a multi-stage system, which could be followed by a packed tower for gas contaminants, or successive Venturi units where high-level efficiency is paramount.